Kutheni i-commutator iqeshwe koomatshini be-DC?

A umhambisiuqeshwe koomatshini be-DC (ngokuthe ngqo), njengeenjini ze-DC kunye neejenereyitha ze-DC, ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:

Ukuguqulwa kwe-AC ukuya kwi-DC: Kwijenereyitha ye-DC, umhambisi usebenza ukuguqula i-alternating current (AC) eyenziwa kwii-armature windings zibe yimveliso yangoku ngqo (DC). Njengoko i-armature ijikeleza ngaphakathi kwendawo yamagnetic, i-commutator ibuyisela umva isalathiso sangoku kwikhoyili ye-armature nganye ngexesha elifanelekileyo, iqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ephumayo yangoku ihamba ngokuqhubekayo kwicala elinye.

Ukugcinwa kolwalathiso lwangoku: Kwiimoto ze-DC, umhambisi uqinisekisa ukuba ulwalathiso lwangoku ngokusebenzisa i-armature windings luhlala luhleli njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza ngaphakathi kwendawo yamagnetic. Oku kuhamba unidirectional yangoku kuvelisa torque eqhubekayo eqhuba ukujikeleza motor.

Isizukulwana seTorque: Ngokubuyisela umva ulwalathiso lwangoku kwi-windings ye-armature, i-commutator ivelisa i-torque eqhubekayo kwii-motor ze-DC. Le torque yenza ukuba i-motor yoyise i-inertia kunye nemithwalo yangaphandle, okukhokelela ekujikelezeni okugudileyo kunye nokuqhubekayo.

Uthintelo lweeShorts zeArmature: Amacandelo abahambisi, akhuselwe omnye komnye, athintele iisekethe ezimfutshane phakathi kweekhoyili zearmature ezikufutshane. Njengoko i-commutator ijikeleza, iqinisekisa ukuba i-coil ye-armature nganye igcina uqhagamshelwano lombane kunye nesiphaluka sangaphandle ngokusebenzisa iibhulashi ngelixa ugwema ukudibanisa neekhoyili ezingabamelwane.

Ukulawulwa kweSpeed ​​and Torque: Uyilo lwe-commutator, kunye nenani lamacandelo kunye nokucwangciswa kwe-winding, ivumela ukulawula isantya kunye neempawu ze-torque zoomatshini be-DC. Ngokwahluka kwezinto ezifana nombane osetyenzisiweyo kunye namandla ombane wemagnethi, abaqhubi banokuhlengahlengisa isantya kunye netorque ephumayo yemoto okanye ijenereyitha ukuze ihambelane neemfuno ezithile.

Ngokubanzi, iumhambisiidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni koomatshini be-DC ngokuququzelela ukuguqulwa kwamandla ombane kumandla omatshini (kwii-motor) okanye ngokuphambeneyo (kwijenereyitha) ngelixa ugcina uqhagamshelo oluthembekileyo lombane kunye nokulawula ulwalathiso kunye nobukhulu bokuhamba ngoku.