Iimagnethi zeeMoto eziTshintshiweyo

Imoto etshintshayo yokungafuni ukuya luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwemoto enerotha equlathe iipali ezininzi zeepali, iperi nganye yepali ebandakanya umazibuthe kunye nokungafuni. Iimotor ezitshintshayo zokwenqena ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifuna itorque ephezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, okunje ngezithuthi zombane kunye needrive zamashishini.

Kwimotor etshintshileyo yokungafuni, oomazibuthe badla ngokuba ziimagnethi ezisisigxina kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukwenza umhlaba osisigxina. I-Magneto-resistors yenziwe ngezinto eziphathekayo ezilawulwa ngumbane wangoku ukulungisa amandla kunye nolwalathiso lwentsimi yamagnetic. Xa ikhoyo ngoku idlula ngokungafuni, i-magnetism yokwenqaba iyanda, idala i-magnetic field eyomeleleyo ekhangayo umazibuthe ekuthandeni okukufutshane nayo. Le nkqubo ibangela ukuba i-rotor ijikeleze, eqhuba i-motor.

Umazibuthe udlala indima ekuveliseni intsimi yamagnetic esisigxina kwi-motor eguqukayo yokungafuni, kwaye ukungafuni ukulungelelanisa amandla kunye nolwalathiso lwemagnethi ukulawula ukusebenza kwemoto.

Umgaqo-siseko osisiseko wokusebenza kwemoto yokungafuni

I-motor ye-reluctance etshintshileyo (i-Switched Reluctance Motor, i-SRM) yesithuthi sombane sinesakhiwo esilula. I-stator ithatha i-concentrated winding structure, ngelixa i-rotor ingenayo nayiphi na i-winding. Ulwakhiwo lwemotor eguqukayo yokuthandabuza kunye ne-induction stepping motor ziyafana, kwaye zombini zisebenzisa amandla okutsalwa kazibuthe (Max-well force) phakathi kwemidiya eyahlukeneyo phantsi kwentshukumo yemagnethi ukuvelisa itorque ye-electromagnetic.

I-stator kunye ne-rotor ye-motor ye-reluctance etshintshiweyo yenziwe nge-silicon sheet laminations kwaye yamkele isakhiwo sepali esinqabileyo. Izibonda ze-stator kunye ne-rotor ye-motor eguquguqukayo etshintshileyo iyahluka, kwaye zombini i-stator kunye ne-rotor ine-cogging encinci. I-rotor yenziwe ngentsimbi ye-high-magnetic core ngaphandle kweekhoyili. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-rotor inezibonda ezimbini ezingaphantsi kwe-stator. Kukho udibaniso oluninzi lwe-stators kunye ne-rotors, eziqhelekileyo ziyisakhiwo se-stators ezintandathu kunye ne-rotors ezine (6/4) kunye nesakhiwo se-stators ezisibhozo kunye ne-rotors ezintandathu (8/6).

Ukutshintsha kwemoto yokungafuni luhlobo lwemoto yokulawula isantya ephuhliswe emva kwemoto yeDC kunye ne-brushless DC motor (BLDC). Amanqanaba ombane eemveliso aqala kwiiwatts ezimbalwa ukuya kumakhulu ekw, kwaye asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimimandla yezixhobo zendlu, inqwelomoya, i-aerospace, i-electronics, oomatshini kunye nezithuthi zombane.

Ilandela umgaqo wokuba imagnethi eshukumayo isoloko ivaliwe ecaleni kwendlela ngeyona ndawo ingena kazibuthe, kwaye ivelisa amandla okutsalwa nguzibuthe ukuze yenze itorque yombane wetorque. Ngoko ke, umgaqo wayo wesakhiwo kukuba ukungafuni ukujikeleza kwemagnethi kufuneka kutshintshe kangangoko kunokwenzeka xa i-rotor ijikeleza, ngoko ke i-motor yokungafuni ukutshintshela ithatha i-double salient pole isakhiwo, kwaye inani leepali ze-stator kunye ne-rotor yahlukile.

Umjikelo wokutshintsha olawulekayo ngumguquli, owenza isekethe yamandla ephambili kunye nonikezelo lwamandla kunye ne-motor winding. Umtshina wesikhundla licandelo elibalulekileyo lophawu lokutshintsha kwemoto yokungafuni. Ibona indawo ye-rotor ngexesha langempela kwaye ilawula umsebenzi wokuguqula ngokuhlelekile nangokufanelekileyo.

I-motor ine-torque enkulu yokuqalisa, isiqalo esincinci sangoku, uxinano lwamandla aphezulu kunye ne-torque inertia ratio, impendulo eguqukayo ekhawulezayo, ukusebenza okuphezulu kwisantya esibanzi, kwaye inokuqonda ngokulula ulawulo lwe-quadrant ezine. Ezi mpawu zenza ukuba imotor yokungafuni ukutshintshelwa ifaneleke kakhulu ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza zezithuthi zombane, kwaye ngumzekelo onamandla amakhulu phakathi kweemoto zombane. Ukutshintsha kwemoto yokungathandi ukuqhutywa kwemoto kusebenzisa izixhobo zemagnethi ezisebenza ngokusisigxina kumzimba wemoto othandabuzayo, oluluphuculo olunamandla kulwakhiwo lwemoto. Imoto ke ngoko yoyisa ukusilela kokuhamba kancinci kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kwii-SRM zemveli, kwaye yonyusa amandla athile enjini. I-motor ine-torque enkulu, enenzuzo kakhulu ekusebenziseni kwayo kwiimoto zombane.