Izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokubaluleka kweebrashi zeCarbon

Izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokubaluleka kweebrashi zeCarbon

Iibrashi zekhabhoniokanye iibhrashi zombane zi isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zombane. Zisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imiqondiso okanye amandla phakathi kwenxalenye emiselweyo kunye nenxalenye ejikelezayo yezinye iinjini okanye iijenereyitha. Ubume buxande, kwaye iingcingo zetsimbi zifakwe kwi intwasahlobo. Iibrashi zekhabhoni luhlobo loqhagamshelwano olutyibilikayo, ngoko kulula ukunxiba kwaye idinga ukutshintshwa rhoqo kunye ne-carbon deposits esele igugile kufuneka icocwe.

Icandelo eliphambili le-carbon brush yi ikhabhoni. Xa usebenza, icinezelwa yintwasahlobo ukuba isebenze kwindawo ejikelezayo njengebrashi, ngoko ibizwa ngokuba yibrashi yekhabhoni. Izinto eziphambili ziyigraphite.

Igraphite yinto yendalo, eyona nto iphambili inxalenye ikhabhoni, umbala omnyama, opaque, semi-metallic luster, ephantsi ukuqina, kunokucholwa ngeminwe, igraphite kunye nedayimane zombini zikhabhoni, kodwa iipropati zabo zihluke kakhulu , ngenxa yokungafani ukulungiswa kweeathom zekhabhoni. Nangona ukwakhiwa kwegraphite yikhabhoni, yona sisixhobo sokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye neqondo lokunyibilika elingama-3652°C. Ukusebenzisa le propati yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, igraphite inokucutshungulwa ibe yi ubushushu obuphezulu obuxhathisa ikhemikhali crucible.

I-conductivity yombane yegraphite yi kuhle kakhulu, ukodlula iintsimbi ezininzi kunye namakhulu amaxesha ukuba non-metal, ngoko yenziwe kwiindawo zokuqhuba ezifana ne-electrodes kunye neebrashi zekhabhoni; ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwegrafu lumisela ukuthambisa kwayo okulungileyo, kwaye thina rhoqo sebenzisa kwiingcango ezirusi Ukufaka uthuli lwepensile okanye igraphite kwisitshixo kuya kwenza kulula ukuvula ucango. Oku kufuneka kube yimpembelelo yokuthambisa yegraphite.

Iibrashi zekhabhonizisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-DC izixhobo zombane. Iimoto ezixutywayo zenziwe nge-stator kunye ne-rotor. Kwi i-motor DC, ukwenzela ukuba i-rotor ijikeleze, isalathiso sangoku idinga ukutshintshwa rhoqo, ngaphandle koko i-rotor inokujikeleza kuphela isiqingatha se-a isangqa. Iibrashi zekhabhoni zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwiimoto zeDC. Iibrashi zekhabhoni ukuqhuba okwangoku phakathi kweendawo ezihambayo zenjini. Le conduction sisilayidi conduction enokudlulisa yangoku ukusuka kwisiphelo esisisigxina ukuya kwindawo ejikelezayo ye ijenereyitha okanye injini. Isakhelo sekhabhoni senziwe ngeebhrashi zekhabhoni ezininzi, ke le ndlela conduction yenza kwakhona iibhrashi carbon lula ukunxiba, kunye iibhrashi carbon kwakhona ukutshintsha ulwalathiso lwangoku, oko kukuthi, indima ukutshintshwa.

Imoto ebrashwayo ithatha oomatshini ukuguqulwa, i-pole yangaphandle yamagnetic ayishukumi kwaye i-coil yangaphakathi iyahamba. Xa i-motor isebenza, i-commutator kunye ne-coil zijikeleza kunye, kunye ne- ibrashi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi yemagnethi ayishukumi, ngoko ke umhambisi kunye ne ibrashi yekhabhoni ivelisa ukukhuhlana ukugqibezela ukutshintshwa kwangoku ulwalathiso.

Njengoko i-motor ijikeleza, iikhoyili ezahlukeneyo okanye izigaba ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ikhoyili efanayo amandla, ukuze izibonda ezimbini ze umhlaba wemagnethi owenziwe yikhoyili une-engile kunye neepali ezimbini ezivaliweyo kwistator umazibuthe osisigxina, kwaye amandla aveliswa nge ukunyanyiswa kwepali efanayo kunye nokutsalwa kwepali echaseneyo ukuqhuba i injini ukujikeleza.

Iibrashi zekhabhonizikwasetyenziswa kwi-AC izixhobo. Ubume kunye nezinto ze-AC motor iibrashi zekhabhoni kunye nemoto yeDC iibrashi zekhabhoni ziyafana. Kwiimoto ze-AC, iibrashi zekhabhoni zisetyenziswa xa ezinye i-rotors ejikelezayo idinga isantya esiguquguqukayo, njengezixhobo zethu zombane ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunye noomatshini bokupholisha, kwaye kufuneka batshintshe iibhrashi zekhabhoni rhoqo.